Complex vs Complicated

In Team of Teams by General Stanley McChrystal, the distinction between "complex" and "complicated" plays a central role in understanding modern organizational dynamics. A complicated system is one with many interconnected parts, but its behavior is predictable once understood—like a machine or a blueprint. Success in complicated systems relies on expertise and clear processes.

In contrast, a complex system involves interdependencies and unpredictability, where small changes can produce disproportionate outcomes—like ecosystems or economies. These systems cannot be fully controlled or predicted.

This poses a critical question for talent evaluation.  To what degree is player evaluation complex vs. complicated?  90mph used to be the benchmark, 95mph is the benchmark today.  But can he pitch? 


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